N'ubi nkeantennas n'usoro, beamforming, makwaara dị ka spatial filtering, bụ usoro nhazi mgbaàmà eji ebufe ma nata ebili mmiri redio ikuku ma ọ bụ ebili mmiri ụda n'ụzọ ntụzịaka.A na-ejikarị Beamforming eme ihe na sistemụ radar na sonar, nkwukọrịta ikuku, acoustics, na akụrụngwa biomedical.Dịka, a na-emecha nhazi beamforming na nyocha beam site n'ịtọpụta mmekọrịta nke dị n'etiti ndepụta nri na akụkụ ọ bụla nke nhazi antenna ka ihe niile na-ebufe ma ọ bụ nweta akara n'usoro n'otu akụkụ.N'oge mgbasa ozi, beamformer na-achịkwa oge na njupụta nke mgbama nke ọ bụla iji mepụta ụkpụrụ nnyonye anya na-ewuli elu na nke na-emebi emebi n'ihu ebili mmiri.N'oge nnabata, nhazi nhazi ihe mmetụta na-ebute ụzọ nnabata nke ụkpụrụ radieshon achọrọ.
Teknụzụ Beamforming
Beamforming bụ usoro a na-eji eduzi ụkpụrụ radieshon n'ebe a chọrọ na nzaghachi kwụ ọtọ.Ntugharị beamform na nyocha osisi nke iheantennaEnwere ike ime ihe n'usoro site na usoro mgbanwe oge ma ọ bụ usoro igbu oge.
Mgbanwe nke usoro
Na sistemu eriri, a na-akpọ igbu oge oge mgbanwe oge.N'oge redio (RF) ma ọ bụ ugboro etiti (Ọ BỤRỤ), enwere ike nweta nhịahụ site n'ịgbanwe oge na ndị na-agbanwe oge ferrite.Na baseband, enwere ike nweta mgbanwe oge site na nhazi akara dijitalụ.N'ime ọrụ wideband, a na-ahọrọ nhazi oge igbu oge n'ihi mkpa ọ dị ime ka ntụziaka nke isi ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na ugboro ole.
RM-PA17731
RM-PA10145-30 (10-14.5GHz)
Ogologo oge
Enwere ike iwebata igbu oge site n'ịgbanwe ogologo eriri nnyefe.Dị ka ọ dị n'ịgbanwe oge, enwere ike iwebata igbu oge na redio (RF) ma ọ bụ oge etiti (Ọ BỤRỤ na oge a na-ewebata n'ụzọ dị otú a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ọtụtụ dịgasị iche iche.Otú ọ dị, bandwit nke oge a na-enyocha oge na-ejedebe site na bandwit nke dipoles na oghere eletrik n'etiti dipoles.Mgbe ugboro ugboro na-arụ ọrụ na-abawanye, oghere eletrik n'etiti dipoles na-abawanye, na-ebute n'ókè ụfọdụ nke ibelata obosara nke oghere n'ogo dị elu.Mgbe ugboro ugboro na-abawanye, ọ ga-emecha na-eduga na grating lobes.N'usoro awara awara awara, lobes grating ga-eme mgbe ntụzịaka a na-akpụpụta kariri uru kachasị nke isi ọkụ.Ihe omume a na-akpata njehie na nkesa nke isi ọkụ.Ya mere, iji zere lobes grating, dipoles antenna ga-enwerịrị oghere kwesịrị ekwesị.
Arọ
Vector dị arọ bụ vector dị mgbagwoju anya nke akụkụ njupụta ya na-ekpebi ọkwa sidelobe na obosara nke isi, ebe akụkụ nke akụkụ na-ekpebi akụkụ isi ọkụ na ọnọdụ efu.A na-eji ndị na-agbanwe akụkụ na-etinye ihe dị arọ maka eriri eriri.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32 (10.75-14.5GHz)
Nhazi Beamforming
Antennas nwere ike imeghari na gburugburu RF site n'ịgbanwe ụkpụrụ radieshon ha ka a na-akpọ antenna array array na-arụ ọrụ.Nhazi na-egbuke egbuke nwere ike ịgụnye matriks Butler, Blass matrix, na usoro antenna Wullenweber.
Butler Matrix
Matrix Butler na-ejikọta akwa mmiri 90 ° yana onye na-agbanwe oge iji nweta mpaghara mkpuchi dị ka 360 ° ma ọ bụrụ na nhazi oscillator na ụkpụrụ nduzi kwesịrị ekwesị.Enwere ike iji ọkụ ọ bụla site na nnyefe ma ọ bụ nnata raara onwe ya nye, ma ọ bụ site na otu nnyefe ma ọ bụ nnata nke mgba ọkụ RF na-achịkwa.N'ụzọ dị otú a, Butler Matrix nwere ike iji duzie doo nke a okirikiri n'usoro.
Brahs Matrix
Matriks Burras na-eji ahịrị mgbasa ozi na njikọ ntụzịaka iji mejuputa beamforming igbu oge maka ọrụ brọdband.Enwere ike ịmepụta matrix Burras dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe na-egbuke egbuke, ma n'ihi iji nkwụsị nkwụsị, ọ nwere nnukwu mfu.
Woolenweber antenna n'usoro
Nhazi antenna Woolenweber bụ okirikiri okirikiri ejiri mee ntụzịaka nchọta ngwa n'ọgba egwu dị elu (HF).Ụdị nhazi antenna a nwere ike iji ma ọ bụ akụkụ niile ma ọ bụ ihe ntụzịaka, yana ọnụọgụ nke ihe na-abụkarị 30 ruo 100, nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ bụ nke raara onwe ya nye n'usoro n'usoro na-akpụ awara awara.Ejikọrọ ihe ọ bụla na ngwaọrụ redio nwere ike ijikwa nha nha nke ụkpụrụ nhazi antenna site na goniometer nke nwere ike nyochaa 360° na-enweghị mgbanwe ọ bụla na njirimara ụkpụrụ antenna.Na mgbakwunye, nhazi antenna na-etolite oghere na-apụta site na nhazi antenna site na igbu oge, si otú ahụ na-arụ ọrụ brọdband.
Iji mụtakwuo maka antennas, biko gaa:
Oge nzipu: Jun-07-2024
