N'ọhịa nkeantenna nhazi, nhazi ụda, nke a makwaara dị ka nzacha oghere, bụ usoro nhazi mgbaàmà eji ezipụ ma nata ebili redio ikuku ma ọ bụ ebili ụda n'ụzọ ntụziaka. A na-ejikarị nhazi ụda na sistemụ radar na sonar, nkwukọrịta ikuku, acoustics, na akụrụngwa biomedical. N'ozuzu, a na-eme nyocha ụda na nyocha ụdọ site na ịtọ njikọ nke usoro nri na ihe ọ bụla nke usoro antenna ka ihe niile wee ziga ma ọ bụ nata akara na usoro n'otu ntụziaka. N'oge nnyefe, nhazi ụda na-achịkwa usoro na oke nha nke akara mgbasa ozi ọ bụla iji mepụta ụkpụrụ nnyonye anya na-ewu ewu na nke na-ebibi ihe na ihu ebili mmiri. N'oge nnabata, nhazi usoro sensọ na-ebute ụzọ nnabata nke usoro radieshọn achọrọ.
Teknụzụ Ịkpụzi Ọdịdị
Nhazi Beamforming bụ usoro eji eduzi usoro radieshọn beam gaa ebe achọrọ ya na nzaghachi a kapịrị ọnụ.antennaEnwere ike nweta usoro nhazi site na sistemụ mgbanwe nkebi ma ọ bụ sistemụ igbu oge.
Mgbanwe nke usoro
Na sistemụ dị warara, a na-akpọkwa igbu oge mgbanwe nkebi. Na redio frequency (RF) ma ọ bụ ugboro etiti (Ọ BỤRỤ na ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, enwere ike ime ka nhazi nkebi site na iji ferrite phase shifters. Na baseband, enwere ike ime mgbanwe nkebi site na nhazi nkebi dijitalụ. Na ọrụ band wideband, a na-ahọrọ nhazi nkebi oge n'ihi mkpa ọ dị ime ka ntụziaka nke isi ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na ugboro ugboro.
RM-PA17731
RM-PA10145-30(10-14.5GHz)
Oge igbu oge
Enwere ike ịmalite igbu oge site na ịgbanwe ogologo nke eriri nnyefe. Dịka ọ dị na mgbanwe nkebi, enwere ike itinye igbu oge na redio ugboro (RF) ma ọ bụ ugboro etiti (IF), igbu oge ewepụtara n'ụzọ a na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma n'ofe ugboro dị iche iche. Agbanyeghị, bandwit nke usoro nyocha oge na-ejedebe site na bandwit nke dipoles na oghere eletriki n'etiti dipoles. Mgbe ugboro ọrụ na-abawanye, oghere eletriki n'etiti dipoles na-abawanye, na-ebute oke ụfọdụ nke ịbelata nke obosara ogwe na ugboro dị elu. Mgbe ugboro ugboro na-abawanye karịa, ọ ga-emesịa duga na lobes grating. N'usoro nkebi, lobes grating ga-eme mgbe ntụziaka nhazi nkebi gafere uru kachasị nke ogwe isi. Ihe a na-akpata mmejọ na nkesa nke ogwe isi. Ya mere, iji zere lobes grating, dipoles antenna ga-enwerịrị oghere kwesịrị ekwesị.
Ibu
Vektọ ibu bụ vektọ dị mgbagwoju anya nke ihe mejupụtara ya na-ekpebi ọkwa akụkụ na obosara nnukwu oghere, ebe ihe mejupụtara usoro ahụ na-ekpebi akụkụ isi nke ogwe osisi na ọnọdụ efu. A na-eji ndị na-agbanwe usoro nkebi eme ihe ibu nke usoro dị warara maka eriri eriri.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32(10.75-14.5GHz)
Nhazi Ọdịdị Ihuenyo
A na-akpọ antenna ndị nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe na gburugburu RF site na ịgbanwe usoro radieshọn ha antennas array phased active. Nhazi beamforming nwere ike ịgụnye matrix Butler, matrix Blass, na antenna arrays Wullenweber.
Matrix Butler
Matrix Butler na-ejikọta àkwà mmiri 90° na ihe mgbanwe usoro iji nweta ngalaba mkpuchi dị obosara dịka 360° ma ọ bụrụ na nhazi oscillator na ụkpụrụ nduzi kwesịrị ekwesị. Onye na-ebufe ma ọ bụ onye nnata raara onwe ya nye nwere ike iji ihe ọ bụla site na ihe nnyefe ma ọ bụ onye nnata raara onwe ya nye, ma ọ bụ site na otu onye na-ebufe ma ọ bụ onye nnata nke switch RF na-achịkwa. N'ụzọ dị otu a, enwere ike iji Butler Matrix duzie ihe owuwu nke usoro okirikiri.
Matrix Brahs
Matrix Burras na-eji ahịrị nnyefe na njikọ ntụziaka iji tinye nhazi oge maka ọrụ broadband. Enwere ike ịhazi matrix Burras dị ka ihe na-akpụ akpụ gburugburu, mana n'ihi ojiji nke njedebe resistive, ọ na-enwe nnukwu mfu.
Usoro eriri antenna Woolenweber
Usoro eriri waya Woolenweber bụ usoro okirikiri eji eme ihe maka ịchọta ntụziaka na eriri ugboro ugboro dị elu (HF). Ụdị usoro eriri waya a nwere ike iji ihe niile ma ọ bụ ihe nduzi, ọnụọgụgụ ihe ndị ahụ na-abụkarị 30 ruo 100, nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ raara nye ịmepụta ogwe waya dị elu n'usoro. A na-ejikọ ihe ọ bụla na ngwaọrụ redio nke nwere ike ijikwa ịdị arọ nke ụkpụrụ eriri waya site na goniometer nke nwere ike inyocha 360° na-enweghị mgbanwe ọ bụla na njirimara ụkpụrụ eriri waya. Na mgbakwunye, usoro eriri waya na-emepụta ogwe waya na-enwupụta site na usoro eriri waya site na igbu oge, si otú a na-enweta ọrụ broadband.
Iji mụtakwuo maka antenna, biko gaa na:
Oge ozi: Juun-07-2024
