Edemede a na-enye nleba anya n'usoro nke mgbanwe teknụzụ ọdụ ọdụ ọdụ gafee ọgbọ nkwukọrịta mkpanaka, site na 1G ruo 5G. Ọ na-achọpụta etu antenna siri gbanwee site na transceivers mgbama dị mfe ka ọ bụrụ sistemụ ọkaibe na-egosipụta ike ọgụgụ isi dị ka beamforming na Massive MIMO.
** Isi mmalite teknụzụ sitere n'ọgbọ ***
| Oge | Isi Teknụzụ & Ọganihu | Uru mbụ & Ngwọta |
| **1G** | Antenna omnidirectional, oghere dị iche iche | Enyere mkpuchi isi; nkwalite nkwalite site na ohere dị iche iche nwere obere nnyonye anya n'ihi nnukwu oghere ọdụ. |
| **2G** | Igwe ntụzi aka (ngalaba), eriri abụọ nwere polariized | Mmụba ikike na oke mkpuchi; dual-polarization nyeere otu antenna dochie abụọ, na-echekwa oghere ma na-eme ka ntinye denser nwee ike. |
| **3G** | Multi-band antennas, remote electric tilt (RET), multi-beam antennas | Nkwado ugboro ugboro ọhụrụ, mbelata ụgwọ saịtị na mmezi; mere ka njikarịcha n'ime anya na ịba ụba n'ime oghere dị ọkụ. |
| **4G** | MIMO antennas (4T4R/8T8R), ọtụtụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, antenna-RRU agbakwunyere | Nwelite nke ọma spectral arụmọrụ na ikike sistemu; lebara multi-band multi-mode ịdị n'otu na-eto eto mwekota. |
| **5G** | Nnukwu MIMO AAU (Unit Antenna na-arụ ọrụ) | E doziri isi ihe ịma aka nke mkpuchi na-adịghị ike na ikike dị elu site na nnukwu usoro na nhazi ọkụ. |
Ụzọ evolushọn a bụ mkpa iji dozie ihe anọ dị mkpa: mkpuchi na ikike, mmeghe ụdịdị dị iche iche yana ndakọrịta ngwaike, mmachi oghere anụ ahụ yana ihe achọrọ ịrụ ọrụ, yana mgbagwoju anya arụmọrụ yana nhazi netwọkụ.
N'ile anya n'ihu, oge 6G ga-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na MIMO dị oke egwu, yana ihe antenna na-atụ anya ka ọ gafere puku kwuru puku, na-eme ka teknụzụ antenna dị ka isi nkuku nke netwọk ekwentị na-esote. Ihe ohuru ohuru na teknụzụ antenna na-egosipụta nke ọma mmepe sara mbara nke ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta mkpanaka.
Iji mụtakwuo maka antennas, biko gaa na:
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 24-2025
