A na-ekpebi anya nzikọrịta ozi nke sistemụ nkwukọrịta ikuku nwere ike iru site na ihe dị iche iche dịka ngwaọrụ dị iche iche mejupụtara sistemụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe nkwukọrịta. Enwere ike igosipụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ha site na nha anya nkwukọrịta na-esonụ.
Ọ bụrụ na ike nnyefe nke ngwaọrụ nnyefe nke sistemụ nkwukọrịta bụ PT, uru antenna nnyefe bụ GT, ogologo ọrụ bụ λ. Mmetụta nke onye nnata ngwaọrụ nnata bụ PR, uru antenna nnata bụ GR, anya dị n'etiti antenna nnata na nnyefe bụ R, n'ime anya anya na gburugburu ebe obibi na-enweghị nnyonye anya eletrọniki, mmekọrịta a dị:
PT(dBm)-PR(dBm)+GT(dBi)+GR(dBi)=20log4pr(m)/l(m)+Lc(dB)+ L0(dB) N'ime usoro a, Lc bụ mfu ntinye nke eriri nke eriri na-ebufe ọdụ isi; L0 bụ mfu ebili redio n'oge mgbasa.
Mgbe ị na-emepụta sistemụ ahụ, a ga-ahapụ oke zuru oke maka ihe ikpeazụ, mfu mgbasa redio L0.
N'ozuzu, a chọrọ oke nke 10 ruo 15 dB mgbe a na-agafe n'ime ọhịa na ụlọ obodo; oke nke 30 ruo 35 dB dị mkpa mgbe a na-agafe ụlọ simenti e wusiri ike.
Maka eriri ugboro 800MH, 900ZMHz CDMA na GSM, a na-ekwere na ọkwa oke nnata nke ekwentị mkpanaaka dị ihe dịka -104dBm, akara anatara kwesịrị ịdị ma ọ dịkarịa ala 10dB karịa iji hụ na oke mgbaàmà-na-mkpọtụ achọrọ. N'ezie, iji nọgide na-enwe ezigbo nkwukọrịta, a na-agbakọ ike anatara dịka -70 dBm. Were ya na ọdụ ntọala nwere paramita ndị a:
Ike nnyefe bụ PT = 20W = 43dBm; ike nnata bụ PR = -70dBm;
Mfu nke onye na-enye nri bụ 2.4dB (ihe dị ka onye na-enye nri 60m)
Uru nke antenna nnata ekwentị mkpanaaka GR = 1.5dBi;
Ogologo ebili mmiri ọrụ λ = 33.333cm (dakọtara na ugboro f0 = 900MHz);
Usoro nkwukọrịta dị n'elu ga-abụ:
43dBm-(-70dBm)+ GT(dBi)+1.5dBi=32dB+ 20logr(m) dB +2.4dB + mfu mgbasa L0
114.5dB+ GT(dBi) -34.4dB = 20logr(m)+ mfu mgbasa L0
80.1dB+ GT(dBi) = 20logr(m)+ mfu mgbasa L0
Mgbe uru dị n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke usoro dị n'elu karịrị uru dị n'akụkụ aka nri, nke ahụ bụ:
GT(dBi) > 20logr(m)-80.1dB+mfu mgbasa L0. Mgbe enweghị nha anya dị, a pụrụ iche na sistemụ ahụ nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ezigbo nkwurịta okwu.
Ọ bụrụ na ọdụ ntọala ahụ ejiri antenna mgbasa ozi omnidirectional nke nwere uru nke GT=11dBi na anya dị n'etiti antenna mgbasa ozi na nke na-anata bụ R=1000m, nha anya nkwukọrịta na-aghọkwa 11dB>60-80.1dB+mfu mgbasa ozi L0, ya bụ, mgbe mfu mgbasa ozi L0<31.1dB, enwere ike idobe ezigbo nkwukọrịta n'ime anya nke 1 km.
N'okpuru otu ọnọdụ mfu mgbasa ozi dịka e kwuru n'elu, ọ bụrụ na antenna nnyefe ahụ enweta GT = 17dBi, ya bụ, mmụba nke 6dBi, enwere ike okpukpu abụọ nke anya nkwukọrịta, ya bụ, r = kilomita 2. Enwere ike ịchọpụta ndị ọzọ n'otu ụzọ ahụ. Agbanyeghị, ekwesịrị ịmara na antenna ọdụ isi nwere GT uru nke 17dBi nwere ike inwe naanị mkpuchi osisi dị ka fan nwere obosara osisi nke 30°, 65° ma ọ bụ 90°, wdg, ma enweghị ike ịnọgide na-enwe mkpuchi omnidirectional.
Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụrụ na uru antenna nnyefe GT=11dBi anọgideghị na-agbanwe agbanwe na ngụkọ dị n'elu, mana gburugburu mgbasa ahụ na-agbanwe, mfu mgbasa L0=31.1dB-20dB=11.1dB, mgbe ahụ mfu mgbasa 20dB belatara ga-eme ka anya nkwukọrịta dịkwuo elu okpukpu iri, ya bụ, r=kilomita 10. Okwu mfu mgbasa metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi elektrọnik gbara ya gburugburu. N'obodo ukwu, e nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ elu dị elu ma mfu mgbasa ahụ buru ibu. N'ime ime obodo mepere emepe, ụlọ ugbo dị obere ma dị obere, mfu mgbasa ahụ dịkwa obere. Ya mere, ọbụlagodi na ntọala sistemụ nkwukọrịta bụ otu kpọmkwem, oke mkpuchi dị irè ga-adị iche n'ihi ọdịiche dị na gburugburu ebe eji.
Ya mere, mgbe ị na-ahọrọ antenna omnidirectional, directional antennas na ụdị antenna dị elu ma ọ bụ nke dị ala, ọ dị mkpa ịtụle iji antenna ọdụ isi nke ụdị na nkọwapụta dị iche iche dịka ọnọdụ kpọmkwem nke netwọk nkwukọrịta mkpanaka na gburugburu ngwa si dị.
Iji mụtakwuo maka antenna, biko gaa na:
Oge ozi: Julaị-25-2025
